托福学习：托福阅读隐性逻辑词

显性否定关系词：

no, not, none, neither, never, deny

隐含的否定义关系词：

fail to, absence from,lack\ lack of, refuse to, little, few

带以下否定前缀的词：

a- ab-anti- counter-de-dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mal-, mis-, non-, un-

带以下否定后缀的词：

less, -free, -proof

　　2、因果关系中

显性因果关系词：

because, since, for, as, due to, owing to, In that, so(that), therefore, thus, hence, as a result, consequently...

隐含的因果关系词：(有导致或者促进意味的词)

cause, lead to, make, render, stimulate, spur, spark, push, motivate,prompt, be responsible to...

　　3、比较关系中

显性比较关系词：

compare, compare to

隐含的比较关系词：

自身含有最高级含义的词:maximum, favorite, outstanding, top...

比较级：more…than, -er than, less…than

表示变化的词：change, alter, vary, modify, revise, increase, decrease, enhance, diminish, develop, progress, advance, improve, retreat, degenerate, continue, remain

表示差异的词：different, distinguish, separate ,，surpass, exceed, excel, over

　　4、条件关系中

显性条件关系词：

unless, supposing, suppose, providing / provided (that), in case, as long as7 on condition that...

隐含的条件关系词：

时间状语中隐含的条件关系：表示的是“在…情况下会发生”的情况.

　　5、并列关系中

显性并列关系词：

likewise, in the same way, similarly/similar to, vice versa, also/as well as, not only ...but also ..v both ... and …,neither... nor ，like, equally, or/and...

隐含的并列关系符号：

表示并列的符号：“;”(即分号，往往被忽略的一点)

　　6、转折关系中

显性转折关系词：

but/yet, however, in contrast (to), conversely, though/although, nevertheless, in spite of/despite, on the contrary, even if/even though, instead ，different from/differ from, while...

隐含的转折关系词：

但是有相反的概念出现，如"advantage"和"disadvantage"，"like"和"hate"等。